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有一个规则必须注意，我们不能将more和er混在一齐用，以下的例子都是错的：
＊ He is more older than I。
＊ He is more taller than his brother。
正确的句子是：
He is older than I。
He is taller than his brother。
【练习六十二】
写出以下形容词的比较级：
1。 small
2。 slow
3。 intelligent
4。 expensive
5。 tall
6。 short
7。 important
8。 cheap
9。 famous
10。 cold
11。 fast
12。 careful
13。 colorful
14。 long
15。 dark
16。 bright
13§2 特殊的比较级规则
在上一节，我们说明了最基本的规则，那就是单音节形容词加er或est，双音节的形容词前面加more或most。但以下就是这些基本规则的例外。
（1） 单音节形容词的字是e，就直接加r或st：
原级 比较级 最高级
large larger largest
late later latest
nice nicer nicest
wise wiser wisest
（2） 形容词的字尾是y，而前一个子母是一个子音，则除掉y，加上ier，或iest：
原级 比较级 最高级
lucky luckier luckiest
happy happier happiest
pretty prettier prettiest
dry drier driest
easy easier easiest
（3） 单音节形容词的字尾是子音，前一音是一个元音，则字尾必须重复一次，再加er或est：
原级 比较级 最高级
fat fatter fattest
hot hotter hottest
wet wetter wettest
big bigger biggest
（4） 完全不规则的变化：
英文中，有几个特殊的字，他们的比较级完全没有规则，以下是一些例子，读者必须记住：
原级 比较级 最高级
good
well better best
bad worse worst
many
much more most
【练习六十三】
写下以下形容词的比较级：
1。 cute
2。 wide
3。 early
4。 happy
5。 heavy
6。 thin
7。 easy
8。 hot
9。 wise
10。 large
11。 good
12。 bad
13。 many
13§3 比较形的用法
大多数比较级句子里会有than，以下是一些例子：
I am older than he。
His English is better than mine。
San Francisco is more beautiful than New York。
His car is cheaper than your car。
He is the most diligent student in his class。
I like apples more than oranges。
He has more money than his brother。
He is stronger than his brother。
必须注意的是以下的句子是错的：
＊ I am older than him。
＊ She is smarter than me。
为什么错了呢？因为原来句子应该是：
I am older than he （is）。
She is more smart than I （am）。
习惯上的is和am都省略掉的，由以上的解释可以看出，than后面的句词应该是主语，而非宾语。
以下的错误，也请特别注意：
＊ My head is larger than your。
正确的句子是：
My head is larger than your head。
或者 My head is larger than yours。
请看以下几个错误的句子：
＊ My house is larger than your。
＊ The temperature of this city is higher than San Francisco。
＊ The height of Himalayas is greater than Mt。 Fuji。
＊ My bicycle is older than his。
正确的句子应该是：
My house is larger than your house。
或者 My house is larger than yours。
The temperature of this city is higher than the temperature of San Francisco。
或者 The Temperature of this city is higher than that of San Francisco。
The height of Himalayas is greater than the height of Mt。 Fuji。
或者 The height of Himalayas is greater than that of Mt。 Fuji。
请注意以下的例子，句子中没有than，但仍有比较级：
Among all the teachers who have taught me； he is the best。
This is the best movie I have ever seen。
This food is the worst one which I have ever eaten。
John is the stronger one。
Do we have a better choice？
Mary is the more diligent one。
He is the older of the two。
He is one of the best movie actors。
This area is one of the hottest areas in the world。
He is one of the fastest swimmers of America。
This is a book which I like most。
【练习六十四】
改错：
1。 ＊He is more old than I。
2。 ＊She is younger than me。
3。 ＊This university is more larger than that university。
4。 ＊He is more older than my brother。
5。 ＊His house is older than my。
6。 ＊The size of this city is larger than San Francisco。
7。 ＊She is taller than him。
8。 ＊The height of this boy is greater than his brother。
9。 ＊He is the most good student in my class。
10。 ＊He is the more bad one。
【练习六十五】
将下列句子译成英文句子：
1。 你比他强壮。
2。 他的英文比我的好。
3。 他比他的弟弟更富有。
4。 他是世界上最富有的人。
5。 这支笔比你的贵得多。
6。 喜马拉雅山是世界上最高的山。
7。 亚马孙河是世界上最长的河。
8。 他比他的爸爸高。
9。 他是班上最好的学生。
10。 在我遇到的人中，他是最高的。
【练习六十六】
填充：
1。 He is （old）than John。
2。 This problem is one of the （difficult）problems that I have ever seen。
3。 This is one of the （good）movies that I have ever seen。
4。 Do we have a （good）choice？
5。 This place is （hot）than San Francisco。
6。 He is （famous）than his sister。
7。 She is getting （bad）now。
8。 He is feeling （well）now。
9。 He has （much）money than his father。
10。 Mary is one of （beautiful）student in her class。
11。 He is （happy）than before。
12。 Peter is getting （thin）。
13。 This summer is （hot）than last summer。
14。 You have a （bright）future now。
15。 He has （many）students than I。
16。 I feel much （well）now。
17。 Ｈe is （careful）than you。
18。 Time is （important）than money。
第十四章 总复习的例子
在这一章，我们将给很多简短的文章，每一段文章的后面，我们都会有详细的解释，相信这些解释将有助于读者对于文法的了解。
（１）
Dear Mother：
I arrived at the Taipei Train Station around one o'clock in the afternoon yesterday。 My friend； Mr。 Chen； greeted me in the station。 We took a taxi to go directly to the university and checked into the dormitory。 The dormitory is a very old one。 I will live with three other boys and I met two of them already。 Both of them are from Taichung and they are both quite friendly。
We went to the dormitory cafeteria for dinner。 The food is not that good。 Dear Mother； I miss you and especially the food you cooked for me。
Your son
这封信很简单，所叙述的事情不是用简单的现在式，就是简单的过去式，当然也有一次用了将来时。
绝大多数的句子都用了简单的过去式，因为这些句子都是叙述过去所发生的事，用现在式的有以下几句：
The dormitory is a very old one。
Both of them are from Taichung。
The food is not that good。
I miss you and the food you cooked for me。
为什么这几句话要用现在式呢？道理很简单，这几句话描写的是一些状态，而并非过去发生的事。
〝The dormitory is a very old one。〞
〝Both of them are from Taichung。〞
〝The food is not that good。〞
〝I miss you and the food you cooked for me。〞
等四个句子都是目前存在的事实，所以要用现在式。
现在我们不妨看一下冠词的情形，我们可以看到很多地方都用了the，如：
the Taipei Train Station
the afternoon
the station
the university
the dormitory cafetervia
the dormitory
the food
the food you cooked for me
各位读者一定可以注意到在the后面的名词都有所指，举例来说，the university指那所作者要去念的大学，他的妈妈知道他所说的是那一所大学。The dormitory指那间他已搬进去住的宿舍。凡是有所指的名词前面，原则上都应该加the。
哪里用了〝a〞呢？注意，我们用了两次
a taxi
a very old one
读者应该不难看出为什么这里我们不能用the，而一定要用a。
（２）
Mary： 〃Hello； this is Mary。 Who is calling？〃
John： 〃Hi； this is John。 How are you？〃
Mary： 〃I am doing fine。 In fact； I am studying for the final examination now。〃
John： 〃Oh； I am sorry。 When will the exam be over？〃
Mary： 〃This Friday。〃
John： 〃Then； can we have dinner Friday evening？〃
Mary： 〃OK； where are we going to eat？〃
John： 〃How about the Chinese restaurant called Four Seasons？〃
Mary： 〃That is all right with me。 When do we meet？〃
John： 〃How about six o'clock？〃
Mary： 〃That's it。 See you Friday evening at 6 o'clock at the Four Seasons。〃
这一篇短文主要的目的在于介绍所谓现在进行式。
Who is calling。
I am doing fine。
I am studying for the final examination now。
都是标准的现在进行式，事实上，也必须用现在进行式。
（３）
I have been interested in music ever since I was a small child。 When I was seven years old； my mother gave me a violin as a birthday present。 I have been taking violin lessons ever since。
I am so much interested in music that I finally decided to go to music school。 This was a hard decision for me。 I consulted with my parents。 Both of them encouraged me to go ahead。
Yesterday； I was accepted by one of the best music schools in Taiwan。 I am really happy about this。
这一段话中，我们开始用现在完成式，比方说第一句话就是
I have been interested in music ever since I was a small child。
为什么要用现在完成式呢？道理很简单，这句话里面有有〝ever since〞这个词，凡是有了这个词句，我们就一定要用现在完成式了。
另外一句用了现在完成进行式的句子是：
I have been taking violin lessons ever since。
读者不妨去看看第四章，就知道为什么这里要用现在完成进行式了。凡是〝自从〞某某日开始，而就一直在做的事情，就应该用现在完成式，或者现在完成进行式。
这一段文章里面，我们还用了被动语气。
I was accepted by one of the best music schools in Taiwan。
各位读者不妨注意，这被动语气的用法是很正当而且适宜的，如用主动这句话变成了
One of the best music schools accepted me。
这样反而并不太能表达原意。
（４）
Before I got into college； I had been to the United States and lived there for one year。 This is why I could speak English better than average students。
As I studied as a college student； Hitler was secre