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arms and money。〃 I then said it was not true； for the young men were arming and going out openly in broad daylight to the rebel camps； provided with good horses and guns by their fathers； who were at best 〃neutral；〃 and as to arms； he had； in Washington； promised General Anderson forty thousand of the best Springfield muskets； instead of which we had received only about twelve thousand Belgian muskets； which the Governor of Pennsylvania had refused； as had also the Governor of Ohio； but which had been adjudged good enough for Kentucky。 I asserted that volunteer colonels raising regiments in various parts of the State had come to Louisville for arms； and when they saw what I had to offer had scorned to receive themto confirm the truth of which I appealed to Mr。 Guthrie； who said that every word I had spoken was true； and he repeated what I had often heard him say； that no man who owned a slave or a mule in Kentucky could be trusted。
Mr。 Cameron appeared alarmed at what was said； and turned to Adjutant…General L。 Thomas； to inquire if he knew of any troops available； that had not been already assigned。 He mentioned Negley's Pennsylvania Brigade； at Pittsburg； and a couple of other regiments that were then en route for St。 Louis。 Mr。 Cameron ordered him to divert these to Louisville； and Thomas made the telegraphic orders on the spot。 He further promised； on reaching Washington； to give us more of his time and assistance。
In the general conversation which followed； I remember taking a large map of the United States； and assuming the people of the whole South to be in rebellion； that our task was to subdue them； showed that McClellan was on the left； having a frontage of less than a hundred miles； and Fremont the right； about the same； whereas I； the centre； had from the Big Sandy to Paducah； over three hundred miles of frontier； that McClellan had a hundred thousand men； Fremont sixty thousand； whereas to me had only been allotted about eighteen thousand。 I argued that； for the purpose of defense we should have sixty thousand men at once； and for offense； would need two hundred thousand； before we were done。 Mr。 Cameron； who still lay on the bed； threw up his hands and exclaimed； 〃Great God！ where are they to come from？〃 I asserted that there were plenty of men at the North； ready and willing to come； if he would only accept their services； for it was notorious that regiments had been formed in all the Northwestern States； whose services had been refused by the War Department； on the ground that they would not be needed。 We discussed all these matters fully； in the most friendly spirit； and I thought I had aroused Mr。 Cameron to a realization of the great war that was before us； and was in fact upon us。 I heard him tell General Thomas to make a note of our conversation； that he might attend to my requests on reaching Washington。 We all spent the evening together agreeably in conversation； many Union citizens calling to pay their respects； and the next morning early we took the train for Frankfort； Mr。 Cameron and party going on to Cincinnati and Washington； and I to Camp Dick Robinson to see General Thomas and the troops there。
I found General Thomas in a tavern； with most of his regiments camped about him。 He had sent a small force some miles in advance toward Cumberland Gap； under Brigadier…General Schoepf。 Remaining there a couple of days； I returned to Louisville； on the 22d of October； General Negley's brigade arrived in boats from Pittsburg； was sent out to Camp Nolin； and the Thirty…seventh Indiana。； Colonel Hazzard； and Second Minnesota； Colonel Van Cleve； also reached Louisville by rail； and were posted at Elizabethtown and Lebanon Junction。 These were the same troops which had been ordered by Mr。 Cameron when at Louisville； and they were all that I received thereafter； prior to my leaving Kentucky。 On reaching Washington； Mr。 Cameron called on General Thomas； as he himself afterward told me； to submit his memorandum of events during his absence； and in that memorandum was mentioned my insane request for two hundred thousand men。 By some newspaper man this was seen and published； and； before I had the least conception of it； I was universally published throughout the country as 〃insane； crazy；〃 etc。 Without any knowledge； however； of this fact； I had previously addressed to the Adjutant…General of the army at Washington this letter：
HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OP THE CUMBERLAND； LOUISVILLE； KENTUKY； October 22； 1881。
To General L。 THOMAS； Adjutant…General； Washington； D。 C。
Sir： On my arrival at Camp Dick Robinson； I found General Thomas had stationed a Kentucky regiment at Rock Castle Hill； beyond a river of the same name； and had sent an Ohio and an Indiana regiment forward in support。 He was embarrassed for transportation； and I authorized him to hire teams； and to move his whole force nearer to his advance…guard； so as to support it； as he had information of the approach of Zollicoffer toward London。 I have just heard from him； that he had sent forward General Schoepf with Colonel Wolford's cavalry； Colonel Steadman's Ohio regiment； and a battery of artillery； followed on a succeeding day by a Tennessee brigade。 He had still two Kentucky regiments； the Thirty…eighth Ohio and another battery of artillery； with which he was to follow yesterday。 This force； if concentrated； should be strong enough for the purpose； at all events； it is all he had or I could give him。
I explained to you fully； when here； the supposed position of our adversaries； among which was a force in the valley of Big Sandy； supposed to be advancing on Paris； Kentucky。 General Nelson at Maysville was instructed to collect all the men he could； and Colonel Gill's regiment of Ohio Volnnteers。 Colonel Harris was already in position at Olympian Springs； and a regiment lay at Lexington； which I ordered to his support。 This leaves the line of Thomas's operations exposed； but I cannot help it。 I explained so fully to yourself and the Secretary of War the condition of things； that I can add nothing new until further developements； You know my views that this great centre of our field is too weak； far too weak； and I have begged and implored till I dare not say more。
Buckner still is beyond Green River。 He sent a detachment of his men； variously estimated at from two to four thousand toward Greensburg。 General Ward； with about one thousand men； retreated to Campbellsburg； where he called to his assistance some partially…formed regiments to the number of about two thousand。 The enemy did not advance； and General Ward was at last dates at Campbellsburg。 The officers charged with raising regiments must of necessity be near their homes to collect men； and for this reason are out of position； but at or near Greensburg and Lebanon； I desire to assemble as large a force of the Kentucky Volunteers as possible。 This organization is necessarily irregular； but the necessity is so great that I must have them； and therefore have issued to them arms and clothing during the process of formation。 This has facilitated their enlistment； but inasmuch as the Legislature has provided money for organizing the Kentucky Volunteers； and intrusted its disbursement to a board of loyal gentlemen； I have endeavored to cooperate with them to hasten the formation of these corps。
The great difficulty is； and has been； that as volunteers offer； we have not arms and clothing to give them。 The arms sent us are； as you already know； European muskets of uncouth pattern； which the volunteers will not touch。
General McCook has now three brigadesJohnson's； Wood's； and Rousseau's。 Negley's brigade arrived to…day； and will be sent out at once。 The Minnesota regiment has also arrived； and will be sent forward。 Hazzard's regiment of Indiana troops I have ordered to the month of Salt Creek； an important point on the turnpike…road leading to Elizabethtown。
I again repeat that our force here is out of all proportion to the importance of the position。 Our defeat world be disastrous to the nation； and to expect of new men； who never bore arms； to do miracles； is not right。
I am； with much respect； yours truly；
W。 T。 SHERMAN； Brigadier…General commanding。
About this time my attention was drawn to the publication in all the Eastern papers； which of course was copied at the West； of the report that I was 〃crazy； insane； and mad；〃 that 〃I had demanded two hundred thousand men for the defense of Kentucky；〃 and the authority given for this report was stated to be the Secretary of War himself； Mr。 Cameron； who never； to my knowledge； took pains to affirm or deny it。 My position was therefore simply unbearable； and it is probable I resented the cruel insult with language of intense feeling。 Still I received no orders； no reenforcements； not a word of encouragement or relief。 About November 1st； General McClellan was appointed commander…in…chief of all the armies in the field； and by telegraph called for a report from me。 It is herewith given：
HEADQUARTERS THE DEPARTMENT OF THE CUMBERLAND； Louisville； Kentucky； November 4； 1861
General L。 THOMAS； Adjutant…General； Washington； D。 C。
Sir： In compliance with the telegraphic orders of General