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优秀的交易者做优秀的交易记录。他们保持交易记录不仅仅是为了他们的账户，而是为了学习和纪律性。如果你没有好的交易记录，你如何计算你的成绩，给你的进步打分，从错误中学习？如果不从错误中学习，必然会重复错误。
When you decide to bee a trader； you sign up for an expensive course。 By the time you figure out the game； its cost may equal that of a college education； only most students never graduate … they drop out and get nothing for their money except for memories of a few wild rides。
当你决定要做个交易者，你等于报名上了昂贵的课程。当你搞清楚这个游戏的时候，花费差不多可以读个大学了，而且大部分学生无法毕业——他们退学了，交了不少学费，除了一点狂野的记忆，什么都没得到。
Whenever you decide to improve your performance in any area of life； record keeping helps。 If you want to bee a better runner； keeping records of your speeds is essential for designing better workouts。 If money is a problem； keeping and reviewing records of all expenditures is certain to uncover wasteful tendencies。 Keeping scrupulous records turns a spotlight on a problem and allows you to improve。
无论何时，当你决定提高自己的水平时，做记录都会帮助你。如果你想成为优秀的赛跑手，做好记录才能想到更好的办法。如果钱是问题，保持做记录，并不断回顾，一定会找到亏钱的原因。认真地做记录，就会聚焦到问题上，你就会改进问题。
Being a good trader means taking several courses … psychology； technical analysis； and money management。 Each course requires its own set of records。 You’ll have to score high on all three in order to graduate。
做一个优秀的交易者意味着学习多个课程——心理，技术分析，资金管理。每个课程都需要自己做交易记录。你必须在3门课上都取得高分才能毕业。
Your first essential record is a spreadsheet of all your trades。 You have to keep track of entries and exits； slippage and missions； as well as profits and losses。 Chapter 5； “Method … Technical Analysis” on trading channels will teach you to rate the quality of every trade； allowing you to pare performance across different markets and conditions。
你的第一个关键交易记录是记录所有交易的电子表格。你必须记录进场，出场，滑点和佣金，包括利润和亏损。在第05章，方法——技术分析，会谈到通道，会告诉你如何记录每笔交易，教你在不同市场情况下做成绩对比。
Another essential record shows the balance in your account at the end of each month。 Plot it on a chart； creating an equity curve whose angle will tell you whether you are in gear with the market。 The goal is a steady uptrend； punctuated by shallow declines。 If your curve slopes down； it shows you’re not in tune with the markets and must reduce the size of your trades。 A jagged equity curve tends to be a sign of impulsive trading。
另外一个关键的交易记录可以显示你每月底的账户情况。它是图形，资金曲线的角度可以告诉你你是否和市场同步。目标是要实现稳定上涨，中间有小的下跌。如果你的曲线是下跌的，说明你和市场不同步，你必须减少你的仓位。上下起伏的资金曲线就说明你是冲动交易。
Your trading diary is the third essential record。 Whenever you enter a trade； print out the charts that prompted you to buy or sell。 Paste them on the left page of a large notebook and write a few words explaining why you bought or sold； stating your profit objective and a stop。 When you close out that trade； print out the charts again； paste them on the right page and write what you’ve learned from the pleted trade。
你的交易日记是第三个关键交易记录。不管你何时进行交易，把提示买卖喜好的图打印出来。把它们贴在笔记本的左边，并写几个词解释你为什么买卖，写上你的利润目标和止损点。当你出场时，再把图打印出来，贴在笔记本的右边，写上你从这次交易中学到了什么。
These records are essential for all traders； and we will return to them later in Chapter 8； “The Organized Trader。” A shoebox crammed with confirmation slips does not qualify as a record…keeping system。 Too many records？ Not enough time？ Want to skip high school and dive into neurosurgery？ Traders fail because of impatience and lack of discipline。 Good records set you apart from the market crowd and put you on the road to success。
这些交易记录对交易者很关键，我们会在“第08章，有条理的交易者”一章继续谈。塞满鞋盒的交易确认单不能算做交易记录系统。要做的记录太多了？没有时间？你想跳过中学直接读神经外科医生？交易者失败就是因为没有耐心，没有纪律。优秀的交易记录把你和大众分开，让你走上成功之路。
Training for Battle
为战斗做训练
How much training you need depends on the job you want。 If you want to be a janitor； an hour of training might do。 Just learn to attach a mop to the right end of the broomstick and find a pail without holes。 If； on the other hand； you want to fly an airplane or do surgery； you’ll have to learn a great deal more。 Trading is closer to flying a plane than to mopping a floor； meaning you’ll need to invest a lot of time and energy in mastering this craft。
根据工作性质不同，你需要的训练也不同。如果你想成为大楼清洁工，一个小时的训练就够了。只要学会使用拖把和扫帚的正确一端，并确认水桶没有洞就行了。如果你想学开飞机，做手术，你需要学很多东西。交易和开飞机非常一样难，而不是用拖把拖地那么简单，这意味着你需要花费很多时间和精力去掌握它。
Society mandates extensive training for pilots and doctors because their errors are so deadly。 As a trader； you are free to be financially deadly to yourself … society does not care； because your loss is someone else’s gain。 Flying and medicine have standards and yardsticks； as well as professional bodies to enforce them。 In trading； you have to set up your own rules and be your own enforcer。
社会要求对飞行员和医生做严格的训练，那是因为他们的错误是致命的。作为交易者，你可以选择给自己造成致命的结果——社会不关心，因为你的亏损是别人的收益。飞行和医疗行业都有标准的，还有专业人士帮助他们。在交易中，你必须建立自己的原则，自己帮助自己。
Pilots and doctors learn from instructors who impose discipline on them through tests and evaluations。 Private traders have no external system for learning； testing； or discipline。 Our job is hard because we must learn on our own； develop discipline； and test ourselves again and again in the markets。
飞行员和医生通过指导者学习，而且指导者会通过测试和评估告诉他们纪律性。交易者没有这样的外部系统可以学习，测试，或学到纪律性。我们的工作很难，因为我们要自学，形成纪律，一次又一次地在市场中测试自己。
When we look at training for pilots and doctors； three features stand out。 They are the gradual assumption of responsibility； constant evaluations； and training until actions bee automatic。 Let us see whether we can apply them to trading。
当我们观看飞行员和医生的训练时，有3个突出的特征。它们是慢慢地负责任，不断地评估，训练。我们来看看这3个特征是否可以应用到交易上。
1。 The Gradual Assumption of Responsibility A flying school doesn’t put a beginner into a pilot’s seat on his first day。 A medical student is lucky if he is allowed to take a patient’s temperature on his first day in the hospital。 His superiors double…check him before he can advance to the next； slightly higher level of responsibility。
慢慢地负责任 飞行学校不会在第一天让新手坐在驾驶的位置上。在医院，如果一个医学生第一天可以量病人的体温，他是幸运的。他的上司会监视他，直到它可以到下一步，下一步需要更多的责任。
How does this pare to the education of a new trader？
如何和教育新交易者比较呢？
There is nothing gradual about it。 Most people start out on an impulse； after hearing a hot tip or a rumor of someone making money。 A beginner has some cash burning a hole in his pocket。 He gets a broker’s name out of a newspaper； FedExes him a check； and enters his first trade。 Now he is starting to learn！ When do they close this market？ What is a gap opening？ How e the market is up and my stock is down？
交易不是慢慢的。大部分人突然听说了一个消息或一个耳语说某人赚了大钱，就冲动地开始了。新手有钱挥霍。他在报纸上找到了一个经纪人，把支票快递给他，然后开始第一次交易。现在，他要开始学习了！他们何时出场？什么是跳空缺口？为什么市场在涨，我的股票在跌？
A “sink or swim” approach does not work in plex enterprises； such as flying or trading。 It is exciting to jump in； but excitement is not what good traders are after。 If you do not have a specific trading plan； you’re better off taking your money to Vegas。 The oute will be the same； but at least there they’ll throw in some free drinks。
对于复杂的事业来说，“沉下去或者游起来”的方法不行，比如飞行和交易。跳下去很刺激，但刺激不是优秀的交易者追求的东西。如果你没有明确的交易计划，还不如带钱去拉斯维加斯。因为结果是一样的，至少那里的饮料是免费的。
If you are serious about learning to trade； start with a relatively small account and set a goal of learning to trade rather than making a lot of money in a hurry。 Keep a trading diary and put a performance grade on every trade。
如果你想很认真地学习交易，用小账户开始，设定几个学习目标，先学习，而不是尽快赚钱。每笔交易都要做日记，并打分。
2。 Constant Evaluations and Ratings The progress of a flying cadet or a medical student is measured by hundreds of tests。 Teachers constantly rate knowledge； skills； and decision…making ability。 A student with good results is given more responsibility； but if his performance slips； he has to study more and take more tests。
不断地评估和打分 军校学生或医学生会通过几百种方式接受测试。教师会不断地给他们的知识，技巧和决策能力打分。分数越高的学生则承受更多的责任，如果他的分数下滑，他需要学更多的东西，接受更多的测试。
Do traders go through a similar process？
交易者会经历相似的过程吗？
As long as you have money in your account； you can make i