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troilus and criseyde-第1部分

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Troilus and Criseyde

by Geoffrey Chaucer







BOOK I



  The double sorwe of Troilus to tellen;  1

That was the king Priamus sone of Troye;

In lovinge; how his aventures fellen

Fro wo to wele; and after out of Ioye;

My purpos is; er that I parte fro ye。  5

Thesiphone; thou help me for tendyte

Thise woful vers; that wepen as I wryte!



To thee clepe I; thou goddesse of torment;

Thou cruel Furie; sorwing ever in peyne;

Help me; that am the sorwful instrument  10

That helpeth lovers; as I can; to pleyne!

For wel sit it; the sothe for to seyne;

A woful wight to han a drery fere;

And; to a sorwful tale; a sory chere。



For I; that god of Loves servaunts serve;  15

Ne dar to Love; for myn unlyklinesse;

Preyen for speed; al sholde I therfor sterve;

So fer am I fro his help in derknesse;

But nathelees; if this may doon gladnesse

To any lover; and his cause avayle;  20

Have he my thank; and myn be this travayle!



But ye loveres; that bathen in gladnesse;

If any drope of pitee in yow be;

Remembreth yow on passed hevinesse

That ye han felt; and on the adversitee  25

Of othere folk; and thenketh how that ye

Han felt that Love dorste yow displese;

Or ye han wonne hym with to greet an ese。



And preyeth for hem that ben in the cas

Of Troilus; as ye may after here;  30

That love hem bringe in hevene to solas;

And eek for me preyeth to god so dere;

That I have might to shewe; in som manere;

Swich peyne and wo as Loves folk endure;

In Troilus unsely aventure。  35



And biddeth eek for hem that been despeyred

In love; that never nil recovered be;

And eek for hem that falsly been apeyred

Thorugh wikked tonges; be it he or she;

Thus biddeth god; for his benignitee;  40

So graunte hem sone out of this world to pace;

That been despeyred out of Loves grace。



And biddeth eek for hem that been at ese;

That god hem graunte ay good perseveraunce;

And sende hem might hir ladies so to plese;  45

That it to Love be worship and plesaunce。

For so hope I my soule best avaunce;

To preye for hem that Loves servaunts be;

And wryte hir wo; and live in charitee。



And for to have of hem compassioun  50

As though I were hir owene brother dere。

Now herkeneth with a gode entencioun;

For now wol I gon streight to my matere;

In whiche ye may the double sorwes here

Of Troilus; in loving of Criseyde;  55

And how that she forsook him er she deyde。



  It is wel wist; how that the Grekes stronge

In armes with a thousand shippes wente

To Troyewardes; and the citee longe

Assegeden neigh ten yeer er they stente;  60

And; in diverse wyse and oon entente;

The ravisshing to wreken of Eleyne;

By Paris doon; they wroughten al hir peyne。



Now fil it so; that in the toun ther was

Dwellinge a lord of greet auctoritee;  65

A gret devyn that cleped was Calkas;

That in science so expert was; that he

Knew wel that Troye sholde destroyed be;

By answere of his god; that highte thus;

Daun Phebus or Apollo Delphicus。  70



So whan this Calkas knew by calculinge;

And eek by answere of this Appollo;

That Grekes sholden swich a peple bringe;

Thorugh which that Troye moste been for…do;

He caste anoon out of the toun to go;  75

For wel wiste he; by sort; that Troye sholde

Destroyed ben; ye; wolde who…so nolde。



For which; for to departen softely

Took purpos ful this forknowinge wyse;

And to the Grekes ost ful prively  80

He stal anoon; and they; in curteys wyse;

Hym deden bothe worship and servyse;

In trust that he hath conning hem to rede

In every peril which that is to drede。



The noyse up roos; whan it was first aspyed;  85

Thorugh al the toun; and generally was spoken;

That Calkas traytor fled was; and allyed

With hem of Grece; and casten to ben wroken

On him that falsly hadde his feith so broken;

And seyden; he and al his kin at ones  90

Ben worthy for to brennen; fel and bones。



Now hadde Calkas left; in this meschaunce;

Al unwist of this false and wikked dede;

His doughter; which that was in gret penaunce;

For of hir lyf she was ful sore in drede;  95

As she that niste what was best to rede;

For bothe a widowe was she; and allone

Of any freend to whom she dorste hir mone。



Criseyde was this lady name a…right;

As to my dome; in al Troyes citee  100

Nas noon so fair; for passing every wight

So aungellyk was hir natyf beautee;

That lyk a thing immortal semed she;

As doth an hevenish parfit creature;

That doun were sent in scorning of nature。  105



This lady; which that al…day herde at ere

Hir fadres shame; his falsnesse and tresoun;

Wel nigh out of hir wit for sorwe and fere;

In widewes habit large of samit broun;

On knees she fil biforn Ector a…doun;  110

With pitous voys; and tendrely wepinge;

His mercy bad; hir…selven excusinge。



Now was this Ector pitous of nature;

And saw that she was sorwfully bigoon;

And that she was so fair a creature;  115

Of his goodnesse he gladed hir anoon;

And seyde; ‘Lat your fadres treson goon

Forth with mischaunce; and ye your…self; in Ioye;

Dwelleth with us; whyl you good list; in Troye。



‘And al thonour that men may doon yow have;  120

As ferforth as your fader dwelled here;

Ye shul han; and your body shal men save;

As fer as I may ought enquere or here。'

And she him thonked with ful humble chere;

And ofter wolde; and it hadde ben his wille;  125

And took hir leve; and hoom; and held hir stille。



And in hir hous she abood with swich meynee

As to hir honour nede was to holde;

And whyl she was dwellinge in that citee;

Kepte hir estat; and bothe of yonge and olde  130

Ful wel beloved; and wel men of hir tolde。

But whether that she children hadde or noon;

I rede it naught; therfore I late it goon。



The thinges fellen; as they doon of werre;

Bitwixen hem of Troye and Grekes ofte;  135

For som day boughten they of Troye it derre;

And eft the Grekes founden no thing softe

The folk of Troye; and thus fortune on…lofte;

And under eft; gan hem to wheelen bothe

After hir cours; ay whyl they were wrothe。  140



But how this toun com to destruccioun

Ne falleth nought to purpos me to telle;

For it were a long digressioun

Fro my matere; and yow to longe dwelle。

But the Troyane gestes; as they felle;  145

In Omer; or in Dares; or in Dyte;

Who…so that can; may rede hem as they wryte。



But though that Grekes hem of Troye shetten;

And hir citee bisegede al a…boute;

Hir olde usage wolde they not letten;  150

As for to honoure hir goddes ful devoute;

But aldermost in honour; out of doute;

They hadde a relik hight Palladion;

That was hir trist a…boven everichon。



And so bifel; whan comen was the tyme  155

Of Aperil; whan clothed is the mede

With newe grene; of lusty Ver the pryme;

And swote smellen floures whyte and rede;

In sondry wyses shewed; as I rede;

The folk of Troye hir observaunces olde;  160

Palladiones feste for to holde。



And to the temple; in al hir beste wyse;

In general; ther wente many a wight;

To herknen of Palladion servyse;

And namely; so many a lusty knight;  165

So many a lady fresh and mayden bright;

Ful wel arayed; bothe moste and leste;

Ye; bothe for the seson and the feste。



Among thise othere folk was Criseyda;

In widewes habite blak; but nathelees;  170

Right as our firste lettre is now an A;

In beautee first so stood she; makelees;

Hir godly looking gladede al the prees。

Nas never seyn thing to ben preysed derre;

Nor under cloude blak so bright a sterre  175



As was Criseyde; as folk seyde everichoon

That hir behelden in hir blake wede;

And yet she stood ful lowe and stille alloon;

Bihinden othere folk; in litel brede;

And neigh the dore; ay under shames drede;  180

Simple of a…tyr; and debonaire of chere;

With ful assured loking and manere。



This Troilus; as he was wont to gyde

His yonge knightes; ladde hem up and doun

In thilke large temple on every syde;  185

Biholding ay the ladyes of the toun;

Now here; now there; for no devocioun

Hadde he to noon; to reven him his reste;

But gan to preyse and lakken whom him leste。



And in his walk ful fast he gan to wayten  190

If knight or squyer of his companye

Gan for to syke; or lete his eyen bayten

On any woman that he coude aspye;

He wolde smyle; and holden it folye;

And seye him thus; ‘god wot; she slepeth softe  195

For love of thee; whan thou tornest ful ofte!



‘I have herd told; pardieux; of your livinge;

Ye lovers; and your lewede observaunces;

And which a labour folk han in winninge

Of love; and; in the keping; which doutaunces;  200

And whan your preye is lost; wo and penaunces;

O verrey foles! nyce and blinde be ye;

Ther nis not oon can war by other be。'



And with that word he gan cast up the browe;

Ascaunces; ‘Lo! is this nought wysly spoken?'  205

At which the god of love gan loken rowe

Right for des
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